The genome of the African trypanosome Trypanosoma brucei.
African trypanosomes trigger human sleeping illness and livestock trypanosomiasis in sub-Saharan Africa. We current the sequence and evaluation of the 11 megabase-sized chromosomes of Trypanosoma brucei. The 26-megabase genome comprises 9068 predicted genes, together with roughly 900 pseudogenes and roughly 1700 T. brucei-specific genes.
Massive subtelomeric arrays include an archive of 806 variant floor glycoprotein (VSG) genes utilized by the parasite to evade the mammalian immune system. Most VSG genes are pseudogenes, which can be used to generate expressed mosaic genes by ectopic recombination. Comparisons of the cytoskeleton and endocytic trafficking methods with these of people and different eukaryotic organisms reveal main variations.
A comparability of metabolic pathways encoded by the genomes of T. brucei, T. cruzi, and Leishmania main reveals the least total metabolic functionality in T. brucei and the best in L. main. Horizontal switch of genes of bacterial origin has contributed to a few of the metabolic variations in these parasites, and various novel potential drug targets have been recognized.
Recombinant Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein IV (GP4)
. Correlation between elution quantity, V(e), and molecular weight was investigated for gel filtration of proteins of molecular weights starting from 3500 (glucagon) to 820000 (alpha-crystallin) on Sephadex G-200 columns at pH7.5. 2.
sirp-a
Permitting for uncertainties within the molecular weights, the outcomes for a lot of the carbohydrate-free globular proteins fitted a easy V(e)-log(mol.wt.) curve. Within the decrease a part of the molecular-weight vary the outcomes had been just like these obtained with Sephadex G-75 and G-100 gels. 3. V(e)-log(mol.wt.) curves based mostly on outcomes with the three gels are taken to signify the behaviour of ;typical’ globular proteins, and are proposed as normal information for the uniform interpretation of gel-filtration experiments. 4. Some glycoproteins, together with gamma-globulins and fibrinogen, don’t conform to the usual relationship.
The impact of form and carbohydrate content material on the gel-filtration behaviour of proteins is mentioned. 5. As predicted by the theoretical research of different authors, correlation exists between the gel-filtration behaviour and diffusion coefficients of proteins. 6. The decrease molecular-weight restrict for full exclusion of typical globular proteins from Sephadex G-200 varies with the swelling of the gel, however is often >10(6). 7.
The concentration-dependent dissociation of glutamate dehydrogenase was noticed in experiments with Sephadex G-200, and the sub-unit molecular weight estimated as 250000. The free sub-units readily lose enzymic exercise. 8. Recognition of the atypical gel-filtration behaviour of gamma-globulins necessitates an alteration to a number of molecular weights beforehand estimated with Sephadex G-100 (Andrews, 1964).
Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein IV (GP4) Polyclonal Antibody (Rat)
The human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoproteins work together with receptors on the goal cell and mediate virus entry by fusing the viral and cell membranes.
The construction of the envelope glycoproteins has developed to meet these features whereas evading the neutralizing antibody response. An understanding of the viral methods for immune evasion ought to information makes an attempt to enhance the immunogenicity of the HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins and, finally, help in HIV-1 vaccine growth.
Human Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein IV (GP4) ELISA Kit
Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Human Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein IV (GP4) in serum, plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids.
Human Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein IV (GP4) ELISA Kit
Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Human Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein IV (GP4) in serum, plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids.
Human Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein IV (GP4) ELISA Kit
Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Human Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein IV (GP4) in serum, plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids.
Human Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein IV (GP4) ELISA Kit
Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Human Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein IV (GP4) in serum, plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids.
Human Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein IV (GP4) ELISA Kit
Description: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on the Double-antibody Sandwich method for detection of Human Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein IV (GP4) in samples from Serum, plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids with no significant corss-reactivity with analogues from other species.
Rat Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein IV (GP4) ELISA Kit
Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Rat Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein IV (GP4) in Plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids.
Rat Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein IV (GP4) ELISA Kit
Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Rat Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein IV (GP4) in Plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids.
Rat Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein IV (GP4) ELISA Kit
Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Rat Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein IV (GP4) in Plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids.
Rat Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein IV (GP4) ELISA Kit
Description: This is Double-antibody Sandwich Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Rat Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein IV (GP4) in Plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids.
Rat Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein IV (GP4) ELISA Kit
Description: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on the Double-antibody Sandwich method for detection of Rat Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein IV (GP4) in samples from Plasma, tissue homogenates and other biological fluids. with no significant corss-reactivity with analogues from other species.
Human Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein IV ELISA Kit (GP4)
Description: A sandwich ELISA kit for detection of Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein IV from Human in samples from blood, serum, plasma, cell culture fluid and other biological fluids.
Rat GP4/CD36(Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein IV) ELISA Kit
Description: A sandwich ELISA kit for detection of Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein IV from Rat in samples from blood, serum, plasma, cell culture fluid and other biological fluids.
Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein IV (GP4) Polyclonal Antibody (Human), APC-Cy7
Description: A Recombinant antibody against Human Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein IV (GP4). This antibody is labeled with APC.
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Rat GP4/CD36 (Platelet Membrane Glycoprotein IV) CLIA Equipment
Description: This CLIA equipment makes use of the Sandwich- CLIA precept. The micro CLIA plate supplied on this equipment has been pre-coated with an antibody particular to Rat GP4/CD36 . Requirements or samples are added to the micro CLIA plate wells and mixed with the precise antibody.
Then a biotinylated detection antibody particular for Rat GP4/CD36 and Avidin-Horseradish Peroxidase (HRP) conjugate are added successively to every micro plate properly and incubated. Free parts are washed away. The substrate resolution is added to every properly. Solely these wells that include Rat GP4/CD36 , biotinylated detection antibody and Avidin-HRP conjugate will seem fluorescence.
The Relative gentle unit (RLU) worth is measured by the Chemiluminescence immunoassay analyzer. The RLU worth is positively related to the focus of Rat GP4/CD36 . You’ll be able to calculate the focus of Rat GP4/CD36 within the samples by evaluating the RLU worth of the samples to the usual curve.
Description: CD40 (48 to 50 kDa) is a transmembrane glycoprotein mainly expressed on the surface of B cells and also expressed on monocytes, dendritic cells, and thymic epithelium. CD40 is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily, which includes the low affinity nerve growth factor (NGF) receptor and CD95/Fas. CD40 is the receptor for CD40 ligand. CD40L (CD40L, CD154, gp39, and TRAM) belongs to the TNF gene family and is expressed more widely than CD40, predominantly on activated CD4+ T cells. Following interaction with CD40 ligand, CD40 mediates a number of major immunoregulatory functions, central to the control of thymus dependent humoral immunity and may be critical in the development of cell mediated immune responses. Other biological actions include B cell homotypic adhesion, proliferation, immunoglobulin isotype switch, and secretion. Activation of CD40 has also been shown to inhibit the growth of certain B cell lymphomas and to induce the death of transformed cells of mesenchymal or epithelial origin
Description: The dendritic cell lysosomal-associated membrane protein (DC-LAMP)/CD208 is a type I integral transmembrane glycoprotein mostly homologous to CD68, of about 45 kDa in mouse and 90 kDa in human (glycosylation), with a bipartite C-terminal structure divided by a serine/proline rich region, a transmembrane domain and a conserved tyrosine-based lysosomal targeting motif in its cytoplasmic tail. Initially cloned as a specific marker of human mature dendritic cells (DCs), DC-LAMP has been subsequently shown to be expressed in alveolar type II pneumocytes. In both cell types, the molecule is found in the limiting membrane of intracellular multi-lamellar bodies, known as MIIC (MHC class II compartments) in human mature DCs and as lung surfactant-containing lamellar bodies in type II pneumocytes. In the latter cell type, DC-LAMP expression is also detected at the cell surface.
Description: The dendritic cell lysosomal-associated membrane protein (DC-LAMP)/CD208 is a type I integral transmembrane glycoprotein mostly homologous to CD68, of about 45 kDa in mouse and 90 kDa in human (glycosylation), with a bipartite C-terminal structure divided by a serine/proline rich region, a transmembrane domain and a conserved tyrosine-based lysosomal targeting motif in its cytoplasmic tail. Initially cloned as a specific marker of human mature dendritic cells (DCs), DC-LAMP has been subsequently shown to be expressed in alveolar type II pneumocytes. In both cell types, the molecule is found in the limiting membrane of intracellular multi-lamellar bodies, known as MIIC (MHC class II compartments) in human mature DCs and as lung surfactant-containing lamellar bodies in type II pneumocytes. In the latter cell type, DC-LAMP expression is also detected at the cell surface.
Description: The dendritic cell lysosomal-associated membrane protein (DC-LAMP)/CD208 is a type I integral transmembrane glycoprotein mostly homologous to CD68, of about 45 kDa in mouse and 90 kDa in human (glycosylation), with a bipartite C-terminal structure divided by a serine/proline rich region, a transmembrane domain and a conserved tyrosine-based lysosomal targeting motif in its cytoplasmic tail. Initially cloned as a specific marker of human mature dendritic cells (DCs), DC-LAMP has been subsequently shown to be expressed in alveolar type II pneumocytes. In both cell types, the molecule is found in the limiting membrane of intracellular multi-lamellar bodies, known as MIIC (MHC class II compartments) in human mature DCs and as lung surfactant-containing lamellar bodies in type II pneumocytes. In the latter cell type, DC-LAMP expression is also detected at the cell surface.
Description: IL3 exerts its biologic activity through its interaction with a cell surface receptor that consists of two subunits. The a subunit (CD123) specifically binds IL3, whereas the ß subunit is required for signaling and is common to the GMCSFR and IL5-R. 107D2.08 and 106C2.02 mAbs were obtained after mouse immunization with sorted human tonsillar PDC. Both clones strongly stain PDCs and basophils, weakly stain monocytes, CD34+ derived DCs and CD11c+ DC, while no staining is observed on T, B, NK cells as well as on mono-derived DCs. Staining with 107D2.08 and 106C2.02 mAbs are maintained on sorted PDC cultured in the presence of IL3 and CD40L, but lost when IL3 alone is added to the culture. The recognition of the IL3Ra chain by 107D2.08 and 106C2.02 was confirmed by transfection studies. 107D2.08 appeared to be the most appropriate clone for in situ studies. 107D2.08 allowed the first observation of IL3Ra+ cells in breast tumor microenvironment
Description: IL3 exerts its biologic activity through its interaction with a cell surface receptor that consists of two subunits. The a subunit (CD123) specifically binds IL3, whereas the ß subunit is required for signaling and is common to the GMCSFR and IL5-R. 107D2.08 and 106C2.02 mAbs were obtained after mouse immunization with sorted human tonsillar PDC. Both clones strongly stain PDCs and basophils, weakly stain monocytes, CD34+ derived DCs and CD11c+ DC, while no staining is observed on T, B, NK cells as well as on mono-derived DCs. Staining with 107D2.08 and 106C2.02 mAbs are maintained on sorted PDC cultured in the presence of IL3 and CD40L, but lost when IL3 alone is added to the culture. The recognition of the IL3Ra chain by 107D2.08 and 106C2.02 was confirmed by transfection studies. 107D2.08 appeared to be the most appropriate clone for in situ studies. 107D2.08 allowed the first observation of IL3Ra+ cells in breast tumor microenvironment
Description: IL3 exerts its biologic activity through its interaction with a cell surface receptor that consists of two subunits. The a subunit (CD123) specifically binds IL3, whereas the ß subunit is required for signaling and is common to the GMCSFR and IL5-R. 107D2.08 and 106C2.02 mAbs were obtained after mouse immunization with sorted human tonsillar PDC. Both clones strongly stain PDCs and basophils, weakly stain monocytes, CD34+ derived DCs and CD11c+ DC, while no staining is observed on T, B, NK cells as well as on mono-derived DCs. Staining with 107D2.08 and 106C2.02 mAbs are maintained on sorted PDC cultured in the presence of IL3 and CD40L, but lost when IL3 alone is added to the culture. The recognition of the IL3Ra chain by 107D2.08 and 106C2.02 was confirmed by transfection studies. 107D2.08 appeared to be the most appropriate clone for in situ studies. 107D2.08 allowed the first observation of IL3Ra+ cells in breast tumor microenvironment
Description: Langerin/CD207 is a transmembrane C-type lectin receptor (CLR) of epidermal and mucosal Langerhans cells (LCs) that induces Birbeck's granule formation. Langerin features a single carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) with mannose-type specificity in its extracellular portion. Langerin is unique among the CLRs in that it contains an intracellular domain with a proline-rich motif. Langerin expression has not been reported outside the DC system. (Valladeau J et al, 1999, Eur.J.Immunol., 29:2695-2704; Valladeau J et al, 2000 Immunity, 12 : 71-81; Kashihara M et al, 1986, J.Invest.Derm., 87 :602-607 Ito T et al, 1999, J.Immunol., 163 :1409-1419 ;Saeland S & Valladeau J, CD207 (Langerin) Workshop reports 2002, Leukocyte-Typing VII, White Cell Diff Antigens, D. Mason et al, Eds, Oxford University Press:306-307)
Description: Langerin/CD207 is a transmembrane C-type lectin receptor (CLR) of epidermal and mucosal Langerhans cells (LCs) that induces Birbeck's granule formation. Langerin features a single carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) with mannose-type specificity in its extracellular portion. Langerin is unique among the CLRs in that it contains an intracellular domain with a proline-rich motif. Langerin expression has not been reported outside the DC system. (Valladeau J et al, 1999, Eur.J.Immunol., 29:2695-2704; Valladeau J et al, 2000 Immunity, 12 : 71-81; Kashihara M et al, 1986, J.Invest.Derm., 87 :602-607 Ito T et al, 1999, J.Immunol., 163 :1409-1419 ;Saeland S & Valladeau J, CD207 (Langerin) Workshop reports 2002, Leukocyte-Typing VII, White Cell Diff Antigens, D. Mason et al, Eds, Oxford University Press:306-307)
Description: Langerin/CD207 is a transmembrane C-type lectin receptor (CLR) of epidermal and mucosal Langerhans cells (LCs) that induces Birbeck's granule formation. Langerin features a single carbohydrate recognition domain (CRD) with mannose-type specificity in its extracellular portion. Langerin is unique among the CLRs in that it contains an intracellular domain with a proline-rich motif. Langerin expression has not been reported outside the DC system. (Valladeau J et al, 1999, Eur.J.Immunol., 29:2695-2704; Valladeau J et al, 2000 Immunity, 12 : 71-81; Kashihara M et al, 1986, J.Invest.Derm., 87 :602-607 Ito T et al, 1999, J.Immunol., 163 :1409-1419 ;Saeland S & Valladeau J, CD207 (Langerin) Workshop reports 2002, Leukocyte-Typing VII, White Cell Diff Antigens, D. Mason et al, Eds, Oxford University Press:306-307)
Description: The IL7-R consists of 2 chains, IL-7R known as CD127 and common cytokine receptor chain known as CD132. A 75 to 80kDa human IL-7 receptor has been cloned that belongs to hematopoietic cytokinereceptor super family. R34-34, raised against human leukemic pre-B cells, recognized a molecule expressed on normal B cell precursors but not on mature B cells. This antibody specifically reverted IL-7 mediated growth inhibition of leukemic BCP (normal B cells precursors) and mature T cells. IL-7R expression is dramatically influenced by cytokines and antigens. This IL-7R displays both high and low affinity for its ligand (IL-7). Inhibitory and proliferative effects of IL-7 can be mediated through the same receptor on various lineages. CD4+ memory T cells express high level of IL-7R Subsets that express it generally require it, including progenitors of T and B cells, naïve and memory T cells. (Pandrau-Garcia D et al, 1994, Blood, 83, 3613-9 Mazzucchelli R et al, Nat. Review Immunol., 2007,7, 144-54)
Description: The IL7-R consists of 2 chains, IL-7R known as CD127 and common cytokine receptor chain known as CD132. A 75 to 80kDa human IL-7 receptor has been cloned that belongs to hematopoietic cytokinereceptor super family. R34-34, raised against human leukemic pre-B cells, recognized a molecule expressed on normal B cell precursors but not on mature B cells. This antibody specifically reverted IL-7 mediated growth inhibition of leukemic BCP (normal B cells precursors) and mature T cells. IL-7R expression is dramatically influenced by cytokines and antigens. This IL-7R displays both high and low affinity for its ligand (IL-7). Inhibitory and proliferative effects of IL-7 can be mediated through the same receptor on various lineages. CD4+ memory T cells express high level of IL-7R Subsets that express it generally require it, including progenitors of T and B cells, naïve and memory T cells. (Pandrau-Garcia D et al, 1994, Blood, 83, 3613-9 Mazzucchelli R et al, Nat. Review Immunol., 2007,7, 144-54)
Description: The IL7-R consists of 2 chains, IL-7R known as CD127 and common cytokine receptor chain known as CD132. A 75 to 80kDa human IL-7 receptor has been cloned that belongs to hematopoietic cytokinereceptor super family. R34-34, raised against human leukemic pre-B cells, recognized a molecule expressed on normal B cell precursors but not on mature B cells. This antibody specifically reverted IL-7 mediated growth inhibition of leukemic BCP (normal B cells precursors) and mature T cells. IL-7R expression is dramatically influenced by cytokines and antigens. This IL-7R displays both high and low affinity for its ligand (IL-7). Inhibitory and proliferative effects of IL-7 can be mediated through the same receptor on various lineages. CD4+ memory T cells express high level of IL-7R Subsets that express it generally require it, including progenitors of T and B cells, naïve and memory T cells. (Pandrau-Garcia D et al, 1994, Blood, 83, 3613-9 Mazzucchelli R et al, Nat. Review Immunol., 2007,7, 144-54)
